If you’re working with batteries for your golf cart, RV, boat, solar setup, or even a diesel truck, you’ve probably come across the terms “series” and “parallel.” While they sound technical, the concept is actually pretty simple and knowing the difference helps you choose the right battery charger and extend the life of your batteries.
Let’s break it down in a way that’s easy to understand.
What Is a Series Battery Connection?
When batteries are connected in series you’re increasing the voltage while keeping the amp hour (Ah) capacity the same. This is done by connecting the negative terminal of the first battery to the positive terminal of the next one and so on. Then your output comes from the free terminals, the positive from the first battery and the negative from the last.
For example, if you have two 6 volt, 100Ah batteries connected in series, the system becomes a 12-volt, 100Ah setup. This is common in electric golf carts and scooters that require 36V or 48V power systems.
In this kind of setup, you’ll need a charger that matches the total voltage of the system. So, for our 12 volt example, a 12V charger is the way to go.
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What Is a Parallel Battery Connection?
A parallel connection keeps the voltage the same as a single battery but increases the amp hour capacity. You do this by connecting all the positive terminals together and all the negative terminals together. Then connect your power cable to the end terminals.
This type of setup is perfect for anyone needing longer run time. The system voltage doesn’t change but the battery bank can now power your equipment for longer periods of time. A great example is a diesel pickup truck with two 12V starting batteries in parallel. The truck still runs on 12 volts but it benefits from extra starting power and reserve capacity.
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Charging Tips for Series and Parallel Systems
When charging series connected batteries, match the voltage of your charger to the total voltage of the battery system. For example, a series of two 6V batteries = 12V charger.
When charging parallel connected batteries, match the charger to the system voltage (which stays the same as one battery) but make sure the charger can handle the total amp hour capacity. For instance, if you’re using two 12V 100Ah batteries in parallel, use a charger suitable for 12V and at least 200Ah.
Why It Matters
Knowing whether your batteries are wired in series or parallel affects more than just which charger to buy. It impacts how long your batteries last, how well your equipment runs and whether you’re getting the full benefit of your battery investment.
At Battery Mart, we carry the tools, chargers and replacement batteries you need, whether you’re wiring for voltage, capacity, or both!
